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來源： CSDN

編輯：劉光昕

目錄
一、圖形驗(yàn)證碼增加識(shí)別難度
- - 1.1自定義圖形驗(yàn)證碼
  - 1.2使用kaptcha驗(yàn)證碼組件
二、針對(duì)ip進(jìn)行訪問次數(shù)限制
- - 2.1獲取真實(shí)的IP地址
  - 2.2設(shè)置訪問限制

三、新昕科技短信防盜刷方案

前言

最近公司的注冊(cè)接口經(jīng)常在半夜被惡意訪問，從而引發(fā)短信盜刷事件，原本在手機(jī)號(hào)等參數(shù)校驗(yàn)通過后，注冊(cè)接口會(huì)對(duì)圖形驗(yàn)證碼進(jìn)行正確性校驗(yàn)，校驗(yàn)通過后再進(jìn)行短信發(fā)送。通過短信發(fā)送記錄發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的圖形驗(yàn)證碼很容易就被識(shí)別了，沒有起到安全過濾的作用，同時(shí)對(duì)短信發(fā)送次數(shù)沒有進(jìn)行上限設(shè)置，所以這此短信盜刷問題我們做了以下解決方案。

一、圖形驗(yàn)證碼增加識(shí)別難度

1.1自定義圖形驗(yàn)證碼

我們需要實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)生成圖形驗(yàn)證碼的工具類VerifyCodeImageUtil.java

import java.awt.Color;

import java.awt.Font;

import java.awt.Graphics;

import java.awt.Graphics2D;

import java.awt.RenderingHints;

import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.Random;

public class VerifyCodeImageUtil {

//去除I、l、1、0、o、O這這些容易混淆的字符

public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnpqrstuvwxyz";

private static int WEIGHT=230;

private static int HIGH=100;

private static Random random = new Random();

/**

* 使用系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)字符源生成驗(yàn)證碼

* @param verifySize 驗(yàn)證碼長(zhǎng)度

* @return

public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize){

return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);

}

/**

* 使用指定源生成驗(yàn)證碼

* @param verifySize 驗(yàn)證碼長(zhǎng)度

* @param sources 驗(yàn)證碼字符源

* @return

public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources){

if(sources == null || sources.length() == 0){

sources = VERIFY_CODES;

}

int codesLen = sources.length();

Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());

StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);

for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){

verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen-1)));

}

return verifyCode.toString();

}

public static BufferedImage createVerifyImageNew(String verifyCode){

BufferedImage image=getImage(WEIGHT, HIGH, verifyCode);

return image;

}

/**

* 設(shè)置驗(yàn)證碼圖片

* @param w

* @param h

* @param code

* @return

public static BufferedImage getImage(int w,int h,String code){

int verifySize = code.length();

BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

Random rand = new Random();

Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();

g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);

Color[] colors = new Color[5];

Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,

Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,

Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };

float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];

for(int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++){

colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];

fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();

}

Arrays.sort(fractions);

g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 設(shè)置邊框色

g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);

Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);

g2.setColor(c);// 設(shè)置背景色

g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h-4);

//繪制干擾線

Random random = new Random();

g2.setColor(getRandColor(10, 200));

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {//干擾線的條數(shù)

int x = random.nextInt(w - 10);

int y = random.nextInt(h - 20);

int xl = random.nextInt(10) + 1;

int yl = random.nextInt(20) + 1;

g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 100, y + yl + 120);

}

// 添加噪點(diǎn)

float yawpRate = 0.20f;// 噪聲率

int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);

for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {

int x = random.nextInt(w);

int y = random.nextInt(h);

int rgb = getRandomIntColor();

image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);

}

shear(g2, w, h, c);

g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));

int fontSize = h-35;

Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);

g2.setFont(font);

char[] chars = code.toCharArray();

for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){

AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();

affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize/2, h/2);

g2.setTransform(affine);

g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w-10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h/2 + fontSize/2 - 10);

}

g2.dispose();

return image;

}

/**

* 設(shè)置線條的顏色

* @param fc

* @param bc

* @return

private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {

if (fc > 255)

fc = 255;

if (bc > 255)

bc = 255;

int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);

int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);

int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);

return new Color(r, g, b);

}

/**

* 設(shè)置噪點(diǎn)的顏色

* @return

public static int getRandomIntColor() {

int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();

int color = 0;

for (int c : rgb) {

color = color << 8;

color = color | c;

}

return color;

}

private static int[] getRandomRgb() {

int[] rgb = new int[3];

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);

}

return rgb;

}

/**

* 使圖片扭曲

* @param g

* @param w1

* @param h1

* @param color

private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

shearX(g, w1, h1, color);

shearY(g, w1, h1, color);

}

private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

int period = random.nextInt(2);

boolean borderGap = true;

int frames = 1;

int phase = random.nextInt(2);

for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {

double d = (double) (period >> 1)

* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period

+ (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)

/ (double) frames);

g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);

if (borderGap) {

g.setColor(color);

g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);

g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);

}

private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10;

boolean borderGap = true;

int frames = 20;

int phase = 7;

for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {

double d = (double) (period >> 1)

* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period

+ (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)

/ (double) frames);

g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);

if (borderGap) {

g.setColor(color);

g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);

g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);

}

通過以上方法生成如下圖形驗(yàn)證碼

1.2使用kaptcha驗(yàn)證碼組件

Kaptcha是一個(gè)基于SimpleCaptcha的驗(yàn)證碼開源項(xiàng)目。

KAPTCHA 參數(shù)詳解

pom.xml中配置依賴

配置驗(yàn)證碼Kaptcha相關(guān)設(shè)置

import java.util.Properties;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;

@Component

public class KaptchaConfig {

@Bean

public DefaultKaptcha getDefaultKaptcha(){

com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha();

Properties properties = new Properties();

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "yes");

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "105,179,90");

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "200");

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "90");

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.session.key", "code");

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size", "70");

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");

properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋體,楷體,微軟雅黑");

Config config = new Config(properties);

defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);

return defaultKaptcha;

}

然后在啟動(dòng)類Application中加載配置

@Configuration

@EnableAutoConfiguration

@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.lll" })

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableAspectJAutoProxy

@EnableAsync

@EnableScheduling

@ImportResource(locations={"classpath:mykaptcha.xml"})

public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);

}

實(shí)現(xiàn)類

package com.example.demo.util;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;

public class KaptchaTest {

@Autowired

DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha;

@RequestMapping("/defaultKaptcha")

public void defaultKaptcha(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception{

byte[] captchaChallengeAsJpeg = null;

ByteArrayOutputStream jpegOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

try {

//生產(chǎn)驗(yàn)證碼字符串并保存到session中

String createText = defaultKaptcha.createText();

httpServletRequest.getSession().setAttribute("vrifyCode", createText);

//使用生產(chǎn)的驗(yàn)證碼字符串返回一個(gè)BufferedImage對(duì)象并轉(zhuǎn)為byte寫入到byte數(shù)組中

BufferedImage challenge = defaultKaptcha.createImage(createText);

ImageIO.write(challenge, "jpg", jpegOutputStream);

} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {

httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);

return;

}

//定義response輸出類型為image/jpeg類型，使用response輸出流輸出圖片的byte數(shù)組

captchaChallengeAsJpeg = jpegOutputStream.toByteArray();

httpServletResponse.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");

httpServletResponse.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");

httpServletResponse.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);

httpServletResponse.setContentType("image/jpeg");

ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream =

httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();

responseOutputStream.write(captchaChallengeAsJpeg);

responseOutputStream.flush();

responseOutputStream.close();

}

使用Kaptcha生成圖形驗(yàn)證碼

二、針對(duì)ip進(jìn)行訪問次數(shù)限制